Chronic Kidney Failure

http://healthtools.aarp.org/galecontent/chronic-kidney-failure-1/1 

Most symptoms of chronic kidney failure are not apparent until kidney disease has progressed significant- ly. Common symptoms include:

• Anemia. The kidneys are responsible for the production of erythropoietin(EPO), a hormone that stimulates red cell production. If kidney disease causes shrinking of the kidney, this red cell production is hampered.
• Bad breath or a bad taste in mouth. Urea in the saliva may cause an ammonia-like taste in the mouth.
• Bone and joint problems. The kidneys produce vitamin D, which aids in the absorption of calcium and keeps bones strong. In patients with kidney failure, bones may become brittle, and in children, normal growth may be stunted. Joint pain may also occur as a result of unchecked phosphate levels in the blood.
• Edema. Puffiness or swelling around the eyes and legs.
• Frequent urination.
• Foamy or bloody urine. Protein in the urine may cause it to foam significantly. Blood in the urine may indicate bleeding from diseased or obstructed kidneys, bladder, or ureters.
• Headaches. High blood pressure may trigger headaches.
• Hypertension, or high blood pressure. The retention of fluids and sodiumcauses blood volume to increase, which, in turn, causes blood pressure to rise.
• Increased fatigue. Toxic substances in the blood and the presence of anemia may cause feelings of exhaustion.
• Itching. Phosphorus, which is typically eliminated in the urine, accumulates in the blood of patients with kidney failure. This heightened phosphorus level may cause itching of the skin.
• Low back pain. Pain where the kidneys are located, in the small of the back below the ribs.
• Nausea, loss of appetite, and vomiting. Urea in the gastric juices may cause upset stomach. This can lead to malnutrition and weight loss.

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